Amabwiriza yo Kwinjizamo Amatara yo koga

Amabwiriza yo Kwinjizamo Amatara yo koga

Amatara yo koga ya pisine yo mumazi ntabwo yongerera umutekano gusa hamwe na ambiance yo koga nijoro ahubwo binateza imbere imiterere. Ariko, kwishyiriraho bidakwiye birashobora gutuma amashanyarazi ava, amashanyarazi, ndetse nimpanuka zo kurohama. Hamwe nogukoresha kwinshi kumatara ya fiberglass hamwe na pisine yo koga LED kumasoko, gusobanukirwa nibisobanuro byihariye byo kwishyiriraho byabaye ngombwa cyane. Iyi ngingo izasesengura byimazeyo ingingo zumutekano zogushiraho amazi yo mumazi yo gushyiramo amatara ya pisine kuva mubipimo bitanu: pre - gusuzuma isuzuma, ibisobanuro byumutekano byingenzi, guhitamo ibicuruzwa, kwemererwa kwipimisha, no kugenzura kubungabunga, gufasha abakoresha kwirinda ingaruka no gukoresha neza umutekano.

I. Pre - kwishyiriraho Isuzuma ryumutekano: Gushiraho Urufatiro rwumutekano

Isuzuma ryuzuye ryumutekano numurongo wambere wo kwirinda impanuka mbere yo gutangira imirimo iyariyo yose. Banza, reba imiterere ya pisine kugirango wemeze niba ubunini nibikoresho (nka beto, fiberglass, cyangwa vinyl) byaho byujuje byuzuza umutwaro - byerekana itara. Ku matara ya fiberglass, kubera ko ibikoresho byumubiri byamatara bisa nibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byubatswe na pisine, birakenewe kwemeza byimazeyo niba hari aho intege nke zubatswe ahantu hashyizweho kugirango hirindwe urukuta rwa pisine kubera umuvuduko wamazi nyuma yo kuyishyiraho.

Igenamigambi ryo gutanga amashanyarazi nigice cyibanze cyo gusuzuma. Ukurikije amahame mpuzamahanga IEC 60529 hamwe na Australiya AS 60598.2.18: 2019, mumaziamatara yo kogaigomba kwemeza umutekano wongeyeho ingufu zidasanzwe (SELV), kandi voltage yinjira ntishobora kurenza 24V DC (AC 12V RMS cyangwa 24V RMS). Ibi bivuze ko transformateur yo kwigunga yemejwe na UL igomba gushyirwaho mbere kugirango ihindure umuyagankuba wa 220V kuri voltage yumutekano, kandi igikoresho gisigaye (RCD) gifite ibyuma bisigara bikora bitarenze 30mA bigomba gushyirwaho. Mubyongeyeho, insinga ya kabili igomba guhuza imbaraga zitara. Kurugero, pisine yo koga LED amatara ikenera inshuro ebyiri - insinga zidafite amazi arenze metero 12 kugirango amazi atinjira mumurongo wa kabili.

Kugenzura ibicuruzwa nabyo ni ngombwa. Amatara ya fiberglass hamwe na pisine yo koga LED amatara agomba kugenzura niba igipimo cy’amazi adashobora kugera ku gipimo cya IP68, bivuze ko itara rishobora kwibizwa mu mazi mu burebure bwa metero 2 mu gihe kirekire nta kumeneka. Muri icyo gihe, reba niba itara rifite itumanaho ryuzuye ryo gukingira, niba impeta ya kashe ya kashe idahwitse, kandi niba iherekejwe nicyemezo cyumutekano (nkicyemezo cya UL) cyujuje ibyemezo byigihugu.

II. Umutekano Wibanze Ibisobanuro byogushiraho Amazi: Ahantu ho gukorera na kirazira

1. Umutekano w'amashanyarazi: Kurinda kabiri kubutaka no kubika

Umutekano w'amashanyarazi nicyo kintu cyambere mugushiraho amazi. Ukurikije AS 60598.2.18: 2019, amatara yose ya AC - akoreshwa na pisine (harimo na sisitemu ya SELV) agomba kuba afite ubutaka buhoraho kandi bwizewe, kandi inzira yo guhagarara igomba gukomeza inzitizi nke kugirango irebe ko ikosa ryakozwe vuba. Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, huza itara ryamatara hamwe ninsinga zabigenewe, hanyuma urebe ko guhangana nubutaka bitarenze 4Ω. Kuripisine LED amatara, nubwo ahanini bakoresha amashanyarazi ya DC kandi bafite ibyago byo guhungabana byamashanyarazi, biracyakenewe kugenzura imikorere yimikorere yumuriro wamashanyarazi kugirango birinde imiyoboro ngufi kubera gusaza kwizuba.

Gukoresha insinga bigomba gukurikiza amahame "atatu yo gukumira": kurwanya - kwangirika, kurwanya - kwibiza, no kurwanya - ruswa. Umugozi ugomba kunyura mu ntoki zabugenewe zidafite amazi, kandi isano iri hagati yikiganza nurukuta rwa pisine igomba kuba inshuro ebyiri - ifunze hamwe na kashe ya silicone. Birabujijwe gushyingura umugozi munsi yubutaka cyangwa kuyihuza nu miyoboro yicyuma kugirango wirinde gutwarwa nibintu bikarishye cyangwa kwangiza urwego rwabigenewe kubera ruswa yamashanyarazi.

2. Gufunga amazi adafite amazi: Ibisobanuro byerekana umutekano

Kunanirwa gufunga amazi nimpamvu nyamukuru itera urumuri rwa pisine. Mugihe ushyira amatara ya fiberglass, banza usukure amavuta numwanda ukikije umwobo ushyizwemo, hanyuma ushyireho amavuta adasukuye amazi kumpeta ya reberi ifunga itara kugirango umenye neza ko impeta ya reberi ihuye neza nurukuta rwa pisine. Kumashanyarazi ya pisine yashyizwemo amatara ya LED, hagomba gushyirwaho gaze ya elastike hagati yigitereko cyamatara nurukuta rwa pisine, hanyuma igafatanwa neza hamwe nicyuma kidafite ingese kugirango wirinde gufunga nabi kubera imbaraga zingana.

Byakagombye kwitabwaho cyane kuvura kashe yinjira. Amatara menshi ya pisine agezweho akoresha insinga zifunze. Mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, ubizirikane ukurikije itara risabwa mu gitabo, hanyuma uzingire kaseti mbisi nibiba ngombwa kugirango ushireho ikimenyetso. Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, hashobora gukorwa ikizamini cyumuvuduko wamazi wigihe gito: kuzuza pisine murwego rwo hejuru hanyuma ukareba amasaha 24 kugirango wemeze ko ntamazi yinjira mumatara.

3. Impamyabushobozi y'abakozi: Gukora umwuga ntibisimburwa

Kwishyiriraho amazi yo koga ya pisine nigikorwa kidasanzwe cyamashanyarazi, kandi abayikora bagomba kuba bafite impamyabumenyi ijyanye namashanyarazi hamwe nuburambe bwo gukora mumazi. Kwishyiriraho DIY birabujijwe, cyane cyane mugukemura 220V hejuru - voltage ihinduranya hamwe na sisitemu yo hasi. Ababigize umwuga ntibashobora kwemeza gusa ko kwishyiriraho kubahiriza ibisobanuro ariko banagaragaza ingaruka zishobora kubaho, nk'imiterere ya pisine n'imirongo y'amashanyarazi ishaje, kugirango birinde impanuka zihishe.

III. Guhitamo Ibicuruzwa: Kugereranya Ibiranga Umutekano Hagati ya Fiberglass Itara n’ibidendezi LED Itara

Guhitamo itara ryukuri nikibanza cyo gushiraho umutekano. Amatara yombi ya fiberglass hamwe na pisine yo koga LED amatara afite ibyiza byumutekano, kandi guhitamo bigomba gushingira kubwoko bwa pisine, gukoresha ibidukikije, na bije.

Hatitawe ku bicuruzwa byatoranijwe, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko byujuje ubuziranenge bw’umutekano. Kurugero, ibicuruzwa kumasoko yo muri Amerika bigomba gutsinda icyemezo cya UL, naho kubisoko byu Burayi bigomba kubahiriza icyemezo cya CE. Kubidendezi binini rusange, birasabwa gushyira imbere amatara yo koga LED amatara hamwe nibikorwa byubwenge bwo kugenzura, bishobora kugereranywa - igihe cyo gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwamatara nubu, kandi bigahita bizimya amashanyarazi mugihe bidasanzwe.

IV. Kohereza - kwishyiriraho Ikizamini no kwemerwa: Kugenzura kabiri kumutekano

Igikorwa kimaze kurangira, hagomba gukorwa ibizamini bya sisitemu kugirango itara rikore neza. Intambwe yambere ni ikizamini cyo kurwanya insulasiyo: koresha metero 500V yo kurwanya insulasiyo kugirango upime ubukana hagati y itara nubutaka, kandi agaciro ntigomba kuba munsi ya 2MΩ. Intambwe ya kabiri ni ikizamini cyo kumeneka: kwigana amakosa yamenetse hanyuma urebe niba RCD ishobora guhagarika amashanyarazi mumasegonda 0.1. Intambwe ya gatatu iruzuye - igeragezwa ryimikorere: guhora ucana itara kumasaha 4, kugenzura ubushyuhe bwumubiri wamatara, ubushyuhe bwumugozi, hamwe n’umuvuduko wa voltage, kandi ubushyuhe bwibara ryibara rya pisine LED amatara bigomba kugenzurwa muri K 200K.

Mugihe cyo kwemererwa, inyandiko zishyirwaho zigomba kugenzurwa, harimo amakuru yikizamini cyo guhangana nubutaka, icyitegererezo cya kashe, ibisobanuro bya kabili, nibindi, kandi icyemezo cyibicuruzwa nicyemezo cyujuje ibyangombwa bigomba kugumaho. Kumatara ya fiberglass, birakenewe kandi kugenzura niba hari ibibazo bitesha umutwe kurukuta rwa pisine ahantu hashyizweho kugirango harebwe igihe kirekire - ikoreshwa neza.

V. Kubungabunga buri munsi no kugenzura umutekano: Kwirinda biruta gukosorwa

Kubungabunga buri gihe nurufunguzo rwo kongera ubuzima bwitara no kwirinda impanuka zumutekano. Birasabwa gukora igenzura rimwe mumezi: sukura umunzani na algae hejuru y itara, urebe niba impeta ya kashe ya kashe ishaje kandi yacitse, kandi niba insinga yangiritse. Kora ikizamini cy'amashanyarazi rimwe mu gihembwe, wibande ku kugenzura imiterere ikomeza hamwe na RCD ibikorwa byizewe. Kora ivugurura ryuzuye rimwe mumwaka, usimbuze kashe hamwe ninsinga zishaje, kandi ukore ikizamini cyumuvuduko kumatara yumucyo wamatara ya fiberglass.

Mugihe cyo gukoresha burimunsi, hagomba kwitonderwa: kwirinda gukubita itara nibintu bikomeye kugirango wirinde itara ryikirahure ryacitse; kugenzura agaciro ka pH kumazi ya pisine hagati ya 7.2-7.8 kugirango ugabanye kwangirika kwibintu byimiti kumubiri wamatara; niba itara ryaka, ubushyuhe bwamabara budasanzwe, cyangwa amazi yatembye, uhite uhagarika amashanyarazi hanyuma ubaze abakozi babigize umwuga kugirango babungabunge, kandi birabujijwe kuyisenya wenyine.

Umwanzuro: Umutekano nu murongo wo hasi wumucyo wibidendezi

Umutekano wo gushiraho amazi yo mumazi yo koga ya pisine bifitanye isano itaziguye nubuzima bwabakoresha. Haba guhitamo amatara ya fiberglass cyangwa pisine yo koga LED, birakenewe gukurikiza byimazeyo ibipimo ngenderwaho nka IP68 itagira amazi na 24V SELV yumutekano muke, kandi abakozi babigize umwuga bagomba gukora installation no kugerageza. Binyuze mu isuzuma rya siyanse, imikorere isanzwe, guhitamo ibicuruzwa neza, no kubungabunga buri gihe, umurimo wo kumurika amazi yo mu mazi urashobora gukoreshwa neza, bigatuma pisine iba ahantu heza ho kwidagadurira. Wibuke ko uburangare ubwo aribwo bwose bwumutekano bushobora kuganisha ku ngaruka zidasubirwaho, kandi umutekano niwo wambere wambere.